北京市昌平区乡村居民休闲空间植物景观特征研究

[objective]With the development of the issues related to agriculture,rural areas,and farmers,the importance of building a"beautiful countryside"has become increasingly prominent,attracting numerous attention.Under a series of policy initiatives such as the construction of beautiful rural areas,rural leisure spaces have gradually been widely developed and constructed nationwide.[Methods]On the basis of summarizing the types of rural leisure space at home and abroad,this paper analyzed the characteristics of plant landscape(tree species diversity,ornamental structure,plant configuration),canopy coverage,green coverage and three-dimensional green quantity of rural leisure space,and compared the similarities and differences between different types through field sampling survey of villages in Changping District,Beijing,in order to provide data support for the establishment of rural landscape with regional characteristics.[result]The main research results are as follows:There are abundant plant species in rural leisure spaces within the study area,with a total of 78 species belonging to 32 families and 52 genera.The top five tree species in terms of quantity are Chinese sophora,Chinese pine,maple,ginkgo biloba,and Luan tree.There are a total of 47 plants with ornamental characteristics,with flower observation as the main ornamental characteristic;The main plant configuration is a two-layer tree grass type.The overall greening level is good.The landforms under different rural classifications have the most significant impact on the plant landscape characteristics of rural leisure spaces.The canopy coverage and green coverage are 41.5%and 76.08%,respectively;The total three-dimensional green amount is 247459.46m3,of which the contribution of three-dimensional green amount in the tree layer is the largest,providing 194598.44m3,accounting for 78.64%of the total three-dimensional green amount.[Discussion and Conclusion]Although there are abundant plant landscapes in rural leisure spaces,the application of plant species overlaps with urban greening tree species. It is recommended to add tree species related to rural production and living ecology,such as Chinese toon and fruit and nut tree species.At present,the canopy coverage of rural leisure spaces is relatively low.Considering the activity needs of residents and the hot summer climate conditions in the local area,it is recommended to cultivate tall deciduous tree species in concentrated activity areas such as roads and squares,which can not only provide understory activity space but also provide shade.