城市快速路侧有无绿化路段土壤重金属污染风险对比研究
A comparative study on the risk of heavy metal pollution in the soil of the urban expressway with and without greening trees
城市土壤重金属污染来源繁杂,对城市居民的健康及植物的生长均带来不良影响。本研究以新疆首府乌鲁木齐市典型城市道路——河滩快速路侧有无绿化带土壤为研究对象,分析了乌鲁木齐市快速路侧有无绿化带土壤土壤重金属浓度分布特征,初步评价了土壤污染状况,为城市绿化带的合理建设与营造提供理论依据。其主要结论如下,(1)本文研究区内有绿化带与无绿化带路侧土壤重金属含量均值随着离道路的增加而显著降低的,说明城市道路对土壤重金属浓度均值有一定的干扰、增加作用。(2)有绿化带各类重金属平均值(39.61mg·kg-1)小于无绿化带各类重金属平均值(42.47mg·kg-1)。对快速路有无绿化路段各种金属平均值配对样本检验中,得出差异已达到统计学上的显著水平,t=2.614,p=0.013<0.05.说明快速路侧面绿化带起到了有效的降低了重金属污染。(3)对研究区个采样的土壤重金属浓度进行了内梅罗污染指数的计算,得出所有的样点的土壤均属于清洁土壤;无绿化带路侧土壤重金属浓度地质累计指数已达到中度污染水平,包括 Cd、5-70m之间,Pb、50m处已超出中度污染水平值;无绿化带土壤潜在风险指数中,Cd、在离道路 5、10、30m处已达到潜在风险第二等级水平。
There are many sources of heavy metal pollution in urban soil,which have adverse effects on the health of urban residents and the growth of plants.In this study,taking the soil of the River Beach Expressway,a typical urban road in Urumqi,the capital of Xinjiang,as the research object,the distribution of heavy metal concentrations in the soil of the green belt on the side of the Expressway in Urumqi city is analyzed,the soil pollution status is preliminarily evaluated,and the rational construction and construction of the urban green belt is provided with a theoretical basis.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)In the study,the average heavy metal content of the soil on the roadside of the green belt and the road without the green belt decreased significantly with the increase of the road,indicating that the urban road had a certain interference and increase effect on the mean soil heavy metal concentration.(2)The average value of various heavy metals in the green belt(39.61mg·kg-1)is less than the average value of various heavy metals in the non-green belt(42.47mg·kg-1).In the test of the paired samples of various metal means on the green section of the expressway,the difference has reached a statistically significant level,t=2.614,p=0.013<0.05.It shows that the green belt on the side of the expressway has effectively reduced heavy metal pollution.(3)The Nemero pollution index was calculated for the heavy metal concentration of the soil sampled in each sample area,and the soil of all sample points was clean soil;The geological accumulation index of heavy metal concentration in soil on the roadside without green belt has reached the moderate pollution level,including Cd,between 5-70m,and Pb,50m has exceeded the moderate pollution level;In the potential risk index of soil without green belt,Cd has reached the second level of potential risk at 5,10 and 30 meters away from the road.
阿丽亚·拜都热拉;彭小东;杨公新;蔡凯旭;
新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830052;
道路绿化带 土壤重金属 污染风险 地质累计指数 潜在风险指数
greening trees soil heavy metals pollution risk geological accumulation index potential risk index
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