两种叶色青钱柳叶片色素、多酚含量及光合特性差异
Variations in the contents of leaf pigments and polyphenols and photosynthesis traits in two kinds of Cyclocarya paliurus with different leaf colors
[目的]青钱柳是多功能树种,通过比较分析两种不同叶色青钱柳叶片色素、黄酮和单宁两类多酚含量及其光合特性的差异,为青钱柳良种选育提供理论依据。[方法]按照季节动态分别采集红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的新叶和成熟叶测定花色素苷、叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、单宁和黄酮含量,并定期测定4种叶型的净光合速率(Pn)和PSII最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm),并采用单因素方差分析比较不同叶型间的差异。[结果]红叶青钱柳的新叶花色素苷含量显著高于其他3种叶型(P<0.05),但叶绿素和类胡萝卜含量素显著低于红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片(P<0.05);红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片中的黄酮和单宁含量在多数采样时间均无显著差异(P>0.05),但在秋季,红叶青钱柳成熟叶片的单宁含量显著高于绿叶青钱柳的成熟叶片(P<0.05);红叶青钱柳的新叶虽然由于积累高花色素苷含量而含有较低总叶绿素含量,但其Pn与绿叶青钱柳的新叶不存在显著差异(P>0.05),且红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳成熟叶片的Pn也无显著差异(P>0.05)。[结论]较高浓度的花色素苷是红叶青钱柳新叶呈现红色的主要原因;红叶青钱柳和绿叶青钱柳叶中单宁与黄酮的含量存在一定差异,但总体上差异不显著;红叶青钱柳新叶阶段叶多酚类物质含量较高,但在成熟叶阶段与绿叶青钱柳成熟叶无显著差异(P>0.05)。因此,红叶这一表型性状仅可为青钱柳药用优良单株的评价筛选提供一定参考,但红叶青钱柳在7-8 月叶片仍保持较高花色素苷含量而呈现红色,比绿叶青钱柳具有更高的观赏价值。
[Objective]Cyclocarya paliurus is a multi-function tree species.To provide a theoretical basis for the breeding of C.paliurus,the variations in the contents of leaf pigments,flavonoids and tannins as well as photosynthesis traits in two kinds of C.paliurus with different leaf colors were compared and analyzed.[Method]Based on seasonal dynamics of the leaf growth,the fresh and mature leaves of red-leaf C.paliurus and green-leaf C.paliurus were collected respectively to determine the contents of anthocyanins,chlorophyll,carotenoids,tannins and flavonoids,and the net photosynthetic rate(Pn)and PSII maximum photochemical efficiency(Fv/Fm)of the four leaf types.And then,the collected data were analysized and compared across different leaf types by one-way analysis of variance.[Results]The content of anthocyanin in red fresh leaves(RF)was significantly higher than that in the other three leaf types(P<0.05),and the contents of chlorophyll and carotenoid in RF were significantly lower than that in the red mature leaves(RM)and green mature leaves(GM)(P<0.05),but the differences between RF and green fresh leaves(GF)were not consistantly significant.There were no significant differences in flavonoids and tannins contents between RM and GM at most sampling times(P>0 0.05),but the tannins content of RM was significantly higher than that of GM in autumn(P<0.05).Although RF had a lower total chlorophyll content due to the accumulation of high anthocyanin content,there was no significant difference in net photosynthetic rate(Pn)between RF and GF(P>0.05),as well as between RM and GM(P>0.05).[Conclusion]High concentration of anthocyanin is the main reason for the red coloration of RF.There existed some differneces in the contents of tannin and flavonoids between red leaf and green leaf of C.paliurus,but generally no significant difference was observed between them.During the RF phase,polyphenols content was higher,whereas there was no significant difference between red-leaf C.paliurus and the green-leaf C.paliurus during most of the mature leaf phase(P>0.05).Therefore,the phenotypic character of red leaf can only provide certain reference for screening superior individual of C.paliurus in medicinal utilization However,in July and August,the content of anthocyanin in the leaves of C.paliurus leaves still remained relatively high and the leaves showed red color,showing a higher and relatively stable ornamental value compared with green-leaf C.paliurus.
徐展宏;朱莹;金慧颖;孙操稳;方升佐;
Cyclocarya paliurus(Batal.)Iljinskaja delayed greening anthocyanins flavonoid tannins photosynthesis traits
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