宜昌市滨江公园自生植物生境构成与保护价值研究

Biotope loss is the main reason for the decline of urban biodiversity.Biotope mapping and quality assessment for cities can reveal the spatial distribution pattern characteristics of the current biotope,provide necessary ecological data and accurately present the existing problems of the current biotope in the study area,which is the basis for effective biodiversity conservation.Riverside Park,Yichang was taking as an example to provide basis for other cities in China to carry out biodiversity conservation and promotion.The study area is divided into 4 biotope types and 13 biotope subtypes by selecting canopy density,age of dominant species and vertical structure of vegetation.The quality of each biotope type is comprehensively evaluated by selecting the importance of biotope type,the richness and specificity of spontaneous plant species.The results show that:(1)middle age one-layered forest in closed green space(C-M+L1),middle age multi-layered forest in closed green space(C-M+L2)and middle age one-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-M+L1)are the main biotope types of Riverside Park,and there are obvious distribution preferences of spontaneous plants in them.(2)The total evaluation scores of middle age one-layered forest in closed green space(C-M+L1)and middle age multi-layered forest in closed green space(C-M+L2)are the highest which means the highest biotope quality,followed by maily short-cut grass in partly open green space(PO-S).Because of the relative importance of biotope types and the high scores of species richness of spontaneous plants,the quality of middle age one-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-M+L1)and middle age multi-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-M+L2)is relatively high.Human activities can be guided and controlled through planning and design to reduce human disturbance to these biotope types,so as to maintain the biodiversity level in the region.(3)The total biotope quality evaluation scores of shrub in open green space(O-SH),mainly tall grass in partly open green space(PO-TA),young age one-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-Y+L1),young age multi-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-Y+L2),old age multi-layered forest in partly closed green space(PC-OA+L2)and young age one-layered forest in closed green space(C-Y+L1)were the lowest.These biotope types should be the first choice for the restoration in the reconstruction and upgrading of the riverside park in the future.Through ecological restoration,the biotope quality should be improved to restore the living space of animals and plants,and then improve the biodiversity level.