山鸢尾花部特征及繁育习性研究

With the development of human habitat science,more and more attention has been paid to its beautification and ecological functions.Native plants are an important part of urban greening,and some native plants have been seriously damaged due to human changes in the environment and lack of scientific protection and management measures.Therefore,we should fully understand and utilize the precious wild flower germplasm resources in Changbai Mountain,and conduct germplasm innovation on this basis.In order to make better use of resources for breeding and germplasm innovation.There are abundant wild iris resources in China.The premise of applying wild iris resources to gardens is to understand their biological characteristics,their growth and development rules and reproduction mode.Iris setosa is distributed in the subalpine wet meadows or marshes at an altitude of 1500-2500 meters in Changbai Mountain,China.It has a certain degree of drought tolerance,has high ornamental value,and is a rare breeding and greening material.[Objective]At present,there are few reports on the flower characteristics and breeding habits of Iris setosa.Therefore,understanding the basic characteristics of reproductive biology of Iris setosa is of great significance for the improvement of flower color by genetic breeding to further enrich the flower color of Iris setosa and improve its application value,and provide theoretical guidance and technical support for its propagation and garden application.It also provides reference for the future development and utilization of other wild species of this genus.[Method]In this paper,(Iris setosa)introduced from Changbai Mountain was selected as the research object,and the flower organ characteristics,flowering dynamics,pollen morphology and vitality,stigma acceptability,breeding habits and flower-visiting insects of Iris setosa introduced from Changbai Mountain for two years were observed and studied by means of fixed point observation and artificial pollination.[Conclusion]The flowering period of Iris setosa was from late May to mid-June in Changchun,Jilin Province.The whole flowering period was about 23d,the single flowering period was 2～4d,and the single flowering period was 10～14d.Stamen ripens first,pistil ripens later;The pollen of iris orris has strong vitality before the pollen is dispersed the day before flowering.At this time,the stigma has no receptivity,and the highest time of pollen viability is around 8 o'clock on the day of flowering.Pollen viability and stigma acceptability were the strongest on the day of flowering,and then decreased.The stigma bends downward during flowering,and the stamens are always shorter than the stigma;The pollen/ovule ratio was 386.9 and the hybridization index was 5.The breeding habit of Iris setosa is mainly outbreeding and partial self-compatibility,which requires pollinators.In the natural state,pollen restriction exists and apomixis does not exist,and hoverflies,apis cerana and bumblebees are potential pollinators.