关于加强建立经营单位级森林经营方案制度的思考

[Objective]This study aims to establish principles and specific measures for the forest management programming system at the management unit level,providing theoretical support to improve forest management,promote scientific protection and management of forest resources,enhance forest quality,achieve dual-carbon strategy goals,and accelerate the construction of ecological civilization and beautiful China.[Methods]Utilizing qualitative analysis,the historical development of global forest management programming is explored,comparing the structure,management systems,and application experiences in Germany,the United States,and Canada.Challenges faced by China's current forest management programming development are identified,and effective suggestions for an efficient and sustainable system in China are proposed.[Results]Germany,the United States,and Canada exhibit comprehensive forest management program systems with complete legal frameworks,granting autonomy to management units and encouraging proactive implementation.In contrast,China faces four main challenges:unclear positioning of forest management programs,ambiguous responsibilities during preparation,limited autonomy in program creation,and insufficient accuracy of data for forest management programming.[Conclusions]As the basic unit of forest management in China,management units should adhere to binding,holistic,scientific,and systematic principles for effective forest management program development.Adopting the successful strategies of Germany,the United States,and Canada,China can improve by:(1)clarifying the legal status of forest management programs,(2)emphasizing the main role of management units in program preparation,(3)strengthening guidance and monitoring of industry sectors,(4)enhancing scientific and technological support throughout the process,and(5)effectively conducting pilot work on forest management program preparation.