Overview of Forest Economics,Management,and Valuation of Ecosystem Services Provided by Modern Urban Forests in Iraq specifically Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

This paper provides an overview of forest economics,management,and the valuation of ecosystem services offered by modern urban forests in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.Urban forests play a vital role in enhancing the quality of life in urban areas by providing a wide range of ecosystem services,such as air purification,carbon sequestration,temperature regulation,and recreational opportunities.Understanding the economic aspects of forest management and valuing the ecosystem services they provide is crucial for sustainable urban development and effective policy-making.This study explores the economic dimensions of urban forest management,including cost-benefit analysis,market-based valuation techniques,and the integration of ecosystem services into decision-making processes.Additionally,it investigates the specific context of modern urban forests in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq,highlighting the unique challenges and opportunities for sustainable forest management.The findings of this study contribute to a better understanding of the economic and environmental significance of urban forests,assisting policymakers,urban planners,and stakeholders in promoting sustainable urban development and the conservation of valuable ecosystem services in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.